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英语谓语与整体主语一致谓语与就近主语逻辑主语一致 在英语中，谓语动词的数（单数或复数）必须与主语保持一致。当主语为复数时，谓语动词也必须使用复数形式。 一、谓语与整体主语一致 当主语表示一个整体时，即使其中包含多个个体，谓语动词也使用复数形式。例如： * The police are searching for the missing person. 二、名词复数作主语 当主语是由复数名词构成时，谓语动词应使用复数形式。例如： * The students are studying hard. 三、不定代词作主语 某些不定代词，如some, many, few, several等，作为主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式。例如： * Some of the books are very interesting. 新概念英语第三册单词 初中英语单词mp3 新概念英语视频下载 七年级下册英语阅读理解 四、并列结构作主语 当两个或更多的名词或代词以并列结构形式作为主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式。例如： * My parents and I are going to the cinema. 五、集体名词作主语 某些集体名词，如group, family, class等，作为主语时，如果它们被看作是一个整体，谓语动词使用单数形式；但如果强调集体中的个体成员，谓语动词则使用复数形式。例如： * The class is divided into several groups. (整体) * The class are discussing the topic. (个体成员) 六、主语从句/从句作主语 当主语从句或其他从句作为整个句子的主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式，特别是当从句的谓语是单数形式时。例如： * What they are saying is true. * Those who want to participate should register by Friday. 七、谓语与就近主语一致 在并列结构中，根据“就近原则”，谓语动词的数通常与最近的主语保持一致。例如： * Either you or I am responsible for the mistake. * Neither the teacher nor the students were present at the meeting. 八、谓语与逻辑主语一致 在某些情况下，尽管形式上的主语是单数，但逻辑上的主语是复数，此时谓语动词应与逻辑主语保持一致，使用复数形式。这通常在含有非限制性定语从句的句子中出现。例如： * The teacher, along with his students, are preparing for the exam. 练习题 1. The whole class _______ excited about the school trip. a) is b) are c) were d) was 2. The majority of students _______ in favor of the new policy. a) is b) are c) was d) were 3. The number of students in our class _______ thirty. a) is b) are c) has d) have 4. Not only the students but also the teacher _______ happy with the result. a) is b) are c) was d) were 5. Either you or I _______ responsible for the mistake. a) is b) are c) was d) were 6. The book, along with the pen, _______ on the table. a) is b) are c) was d) were 答案 1. a) is 解释：整体主语“The whole class”看作一个整体，视为单数，因此谓语用单数形式“is”。 2. b) are 解释：“The majority of students”表示学生中的大多数，尽管有“majority”这个词，但主语核心还是“students”，是复数，所以谓语用复数形式“are”。 3. a) is 解释：“The number of students”表示学生的数量，看作一个整体，是单数，所以谓语用单数形式“is”。 4. a) is 解释：在“Not only ... but also ...”结构中，谓语与就近的主语保持一致，这里是“the teacher”，是单数，所以谓语用单数形式“is”。 5. a) is 解释：“Either ... or ...”结构中，谓语与就近的主语保持一致，这里是“I”，是单数，所以谓语用单数形式“is”。 6. a) is 解释：“The book, along with the pen”中，“along with”不影响主语的数，主语核心是“The book”，是单数，所以谓语用单数形式“is”。 
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